Background Finland has closed its border crossings with Russia following a surge in migrants coming into Finland, an operation which Finnish authorities say is backed by Russia and which they consider to be a tactic of hybrid warfare. This situation is being qualified as hybrid warfare as the intentional redirection of migrants which Moscow is accused of, has as aim …

            The region of Latin America finally saw the same breathing room after the 2022 Brazilian presidential elections, where President Luis Inácio “Lula” da Silva got elected, beating the one-term right-winged president Jair Bolsonaro, who was responsible for some of the most political atrocities in Brazil, only seen in the country during their dictatorship in the 1960’s.             With the newly elected President …

The government of President Nicolás Maduro in Venezuela has successfully secured approval for a referendum aimed at asserting sovereignty over a resource-rich area in neighbouring Guyana, as declared by the country’s electoral authority. Despite limited visibility of voters at polling stations, the National Electoral Council reported a turnout of over 10.5 million ballots out of a potential 20 million eligible …

With the growth in social media use, national governments have shifted a piece of their propaganda online to reach a wider audience. This can be done for good reasons, like promoting political participation in elections, but most of the time is used negatively by intelligence agents to persuade users and readers. Since the outcomes of disinformation affect the media system, …

            In recent developments regarding the war between Hamas and Palestine in Gaza, the international community has gathered a number of times in order to discuss a ceasefire agreement for humanitarian causes in order to protect the many civilians whose lives are still at stake in the region.             The world is watching and hoping that many lives can be saved from …

The battle against climate change has reached a critical juncture, with the international community grappling to implement strategies that can mitigate the disastrous impacts of a warming planet. Whilst strides have been made in recent years, not nearly as much as necessary has been achieved. The Paris Agreement, signed in 2015, was a watershed moment in the fight against climate …

The conflict in Israel and Gaza which was re-ignited following the October 7th attacks committed by Hamas is heavily polarised perceivable in media and in public opinion. The different facets of the conflict are put up for debate, a phenomenon which also transpires in multicultural diverse European societies. Indeed, the polarisation of the conflict benefits certain extremist ideologies who are …

Technological innovation has reached a boom since the 1990s advent of the personal computer, which became available to every class of the population. The most recent innovation is however Artificial intelligence (AI), which was welcomed as the solution and simplification of our lives but then generated increasing concern because of its possible negative complications. ChatGPT reached 100 million users in …

            In the last month, the world came to a halt with the escalation of the long-term conflict in Palestine. The attack made by Hamas against Israel in early October, which then led to Israel’s quick self-defense and, even quicker, a series of disproportionate attacks against the Gaza Strip, and all the civilians who were then exposed to the many horrors …

            It is no news that the conflict in the Israel-Palestinian region has been receiving a lot of attention over the last decades; however, the recent attacks have been extremely shocking and have allowed us to see how the development of such a deadly conflict can have unimaginable outcomes for the international community.             As this article is being written, after over …